What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?

The Mayflower Compact was primarily designed to establish a framework for self-governance among the Pilgrims settling in North America. Drafted in November 1620, it served as a response to the unique political circumstances they faced, having landed outside the jurisdiction of the Virginia Company, which had originally granted them a charter.

By signing the Compact, the settlers agreed to form a "civil body politic" for their mutual preservation and benefit, thereby affirming their commitment to abide by the laws and regulations established by the group. This was one of the first instances of a social contract in the New World, laying the groundwork for democratic governance by emphasizing majority rule and collective decision-making. It was important for ensuring order and cooperation among the diverse group of settlers and reflected their desire for a stable and just society.

The other options do not capture the essence of the compact. Declaring independence and outlining colonial laws were not its immediate purposes, nor was it created as a business partnership. Instead, the Mayflower Compact is significant in American history for its early contribution to the principles of government based on consent and democratic governance.