Which significant social change was prompted by the Civil War?

The significant social change prompted by the Civil War that is correctly identified is the rise of factory jobs for women. During the Civil War, many men left their jobs to enlist in the military, which created labor shortages in various industries. This situation opened up opportunities for women to take on roles that were traditionally held by men, including in factories, munitions plants, and other businesses supporting the war effort.

As a result, women entered the workforce in greater numbers than ever before. This shift not only helped to change societal perceptions about women's roles in the economy but also laid the groundwork for future movements advocating for women's rights, including the fight for suffrage. Women's contributions during this period began to challenge the traditional notions of gender roles, leading to lasting changes in society's view of women in the workforce.

Other options do not directly pertain to significant social changes associated with the Civil War. The Federalist Party had already declined in influence well before the Civil War, and agrarian lifestyles were not a result of the war but rather reflected pre-war and post-war agricultural practices. Similarly, while telegraph communications did expand, this advancement was not a direct social change prompted by the war but rather reflected earlier developments in communication technology.